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Amyloidosis
Amyloidosis is a rare condition where abnormal proteins, known as amyloids, build up in organs and tissues, disrupting their normal function. In the context of multiple myeloma, amyloidosis often occurs when light chains produced by abnormal plasma cells misfold and accumulate in organs such as the kidneys, heart, liver, or nerves. This condition is referred to as light chain amyloidosis (AL amyloidosis).
Symptoms of amyloidosis vary depending on the organs affected but may include fatigue, swelling, shortness of breath, and unexplained weight loss. In severe cases, amyloidosis can lead to organ failure. Diagnosing amyloidosis early is critical, and treatment typically involves managing the underlying multiple myeloma to reduce the production of the problematic light chains, as well as medications to alleviate symptoms and slow organ damage.
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